Association of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Patients with Anaphylaxis from 2018 to 2022 in Ospital ng Makati
A Five-Year Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70552/pjaai.24.2.10951Keywords:
anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, atopy, food allergy, asthmaAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between clinical profiles, including symptom presentation, medical history, triggers, and comorbidities; clinical outcomes, such as admission to ICU or ward, mortality, and biphasic anaphylaxis in pediatric patients aged 0-18 years old admitted for anaphylaxis at Ospital ng Makati - Department of Pediatrics from January 2018 to December 2022
Methodology: This cross-sectional study utilized a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients aged 0 to 18 years who were admitted for anaphylaxis during the study period. Patient confidentiality was maintained throughout the review. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded and summarized using descriptive statistics. The association between demographic characteristics, clinical profile, management, and outcomes was assessed using the Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, with odds ratios calculated as the measures of association.
Results: From 2018 to 2022, 97 pediatric patients were diagnosed with anaphylaxis. Food was the most common trigger (86.6%), followed by medications (9.3%). The majority of patients presented with skin/mucosal involvement (97.9%), respiratory compromise (61.9%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (36.1%). Respiratory compromise (p = 0.001) and cardiovascular instability (p = 0.010) were associated with severe outcomes, including ICU admission. A history of atopy (p = 0.002) was linked to biphasic anaphylaxis.
Conclusion: This study highlights the increasing incidence of anaphylaxis in older age groups, with food being the most common etiology. Respiratory compromise and cardiovascular instability are predictors of severe outcomes of anaphylaxis, emphasizing the importance of detailed patient history and prompt management in such cases.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Shanna Bernadette H. Rosero, MD, Ann Dolendo-Paningbatan, MD, FPPS, Edmund R. Advincula, MD, FPPS
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